@Article{SabaScWaHeScOr:2013:BiClLi,
               author = "Saba, Marcelo Magalh{\~a}es Fares and Schumann, C. and Warner, T. 
                         A. and Helsdon Jr., J. H. and Schulz, W. and Orville, R. E.",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and National 
                         Institute for Space Research, INPE, Av dos Astronautas, 1758, S. 
                         Jos{\'e} dos Campos, SP, 12227-010, Brazil and South Dakota 
                         School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City SD, United States and 
                         South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City SD, United 
                         States and Austrian Lighting Detection and Information System, 
                         Vienna, Austria and Texas AandM University, College Station TX, 
                         United States",
                title = "Bipolar cloud-to-ground lightning flash observations",
              journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research",
                 year = "2013",
               volume = "118",
               number = "19",
                pages = "11098--11106",
             keywords = "bipolar flash, positive lightning, negative lightning, high-speed 
                         video, electric field.",
             abstract = "Bipolar lightning is usually defined as a lightning flash where 
                         the current waveform exhibits a polarity reversal. There are very 
                         few reported cases of cloud-to-ground (CG) bipolar flashes using 
                         only one channel in the literature. Reports on this type of 
                         bipolar flashes are not common due to the fact that in order to 
                         confirm that currents of both polarities follow the same channel 
                         to the ground, one necessarily needs video records. This study 
                         presents five clear observations of single-channel bipolar CG 
                         flashes. High-speed video and electric field measurement 
                         observations are used and analyzed. Based on the video images 
                         obtained and based on previous observations of positive CG flashes 
                         with high-speed cameras, we suggest that positive leader branches 
                         which do not participate in the initial return stroke of a 
                         positive cloud-to-ground flash later generate recoil leaders whose 
                         negative ends, upon reaching the branch point, traverse the return 
                         stroke channel path to the ground resulting in a subsequent return 
                         stroke of opposite polarity. Key Points Existence of 
                         single-channel bipolar flashes Common characteristics of bipolar 
                         flashes How can positive and negative discharges use the same path 
                         to ground? ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights 
                         Reserved.",
                  doi = "10.1002/jgrd.50804",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50804",
                 issn = "0148-0227 and 2156-2202",
                label = "scopus 2013-11",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Istec 1883.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "20 maio 2024"
}